Terrorism in Nigeria Essay Example for Free

Terrorism in Nigeria EssayNigeria is a country in the West of Africa with an interesting population of over 160 million people. A British Colony, Nigeria was hitherto peaceful and seen as key to African development and interests. Such has been the opposite of the true evidence of the supposed Giant of Africa since gaining independence in 1960 and declaring a Republic in 1961. After years of multitude Dictatorship and coups left the country under-developed for much of her early post-independent years, Democracy was returned to the Oil rich Nation. The country shared out across religious and ethic lines with the North dominated by Muslims, and the South by Christians. The countrys major trade partners include the USA and UK. The early independent kingdoms and states that make the present day British colonized Nigeria arei. Benin groundii. Borgu Kingdomiii. Fulani Empireiv. Hausa Kingdomsv. Kanem Bornu Empirevi. Kwararafa Kingdomvii. Ibibio Kingdomviii. Nri Kingdomix. Nupe King domx. Oyo Kingdomxi. Songhai Empirexii. Warri KingdomThe name Nigeria was suggested by a British Journalist Flora Shaw in the 1890s. She referred to the area as Nigeria, after the Niger River, which dominates much of the countrys landscape. The word Niger is Latin for black. Nigeria has over 250 social groups, which the three major and internationally recognized are Hausa, Yoruba, and Igbo. Other smaller groups include the Fulani, Ijaw, Kanuri, Ibibio, Tiv, and Edo. Prior to their conquering by Europeans, these ethnic groups had separate and independent histories hence their amalgamation was a construct of their European Colonizers. That ridiculous act of amalgamation has proved costly year after year as communal, religious, and ethnic clashes characterise the present-dayNigeria. With porous borders on the West to Benin, North to Niger and Chad, and on the East to Cameroun, clashes often than not loop out of the shores of Nigeria to neighbouring countries.Nigeria gained indepen dence from Britain on 1st October, 1960 and following independence, vicious fighting between and among ethnic political parties created chaos within the fledging system. On the 15th of January, 1966, a group of army officers most of whom were Igbo staged a host coup, killing many of the government ministers from the Western and Northern tribes. Six months later, Northern forces within the military staged a countercoup killing most of the Igbo leaders. Note that Nigerias persistent ethnic rivalry is loggerheaded rooted and dates back to colonization. From Arewa Consultative Forum (ACF) in Northern Nigeria, to the Militants in the Niger Delta (Southern).The Afenifere in Western Nigeria to MASSOP in the East, continuous calls for disintegration and de-amalgamation by the aforementioned groups underlines the many ethnic divide and challenges facing Nigeria since creation. The current civilize attack on government institutions by an Islamic extremists group popularly known as Boko Har am (Western gentility is Sin Islam) buttress the notion that agitations from these groups have long departed from mere campaigns and media sponsored attacks. Suicide bombing that once was alien to Nigeria now characterize an already tensed and over-stretched system.Nigerias quest to quell all excogitate of ethnic aggression and divide will most undoubtedly succeed if the Government looked into the origin and distinctions of the diversities kind of than combating a generational dissent.

Court News Essay Example for Free

Court News EssayEditorial Despite our report of the 30th November regarding her majestys speech to the House of Commons in which she stated she would act only for the not bad(predicate) of her people, it has to be admitted that there is allay an air of disquiet in the country regarding the future of the monarchy. The queen, although still in good health in body and mind, is now in her 68th year and the length of her reign is unprecedented. The future of a Protestant monarchy must be assured for the sake of the country, its stability and case in Europe. Around the military man It is reported by our correspondent in Utrecht that a burgher of that city, one Oliver Van Noort, a source inn keeper, has recently completed a three year voyage in which he claims to bemuse sailed completely around the world. His voyage, which he reported in a letter to the authorities in the Netherlands caused untold excite custodyt. Theatre News, by J. Q. Adams Mr William Shakespeare, author of su ch entertainments as Julius Caesar which was salutary received, has this year come up with devil virgin plays in contrast.The Merry Wives of Windsor is a light hearted comedy to lift the dullest spirits. It features that lovable rogue, Falstaff. , known of physique from earlier works. This can be seen for the price of one penny every Monday and Tuesday at the Globe Theatre, Southwark. As this is such a popular play there will be extra boat men around to ferry passengers. For those of a more serious turn of mind the tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark, the title role being played by Mr Richard Burbage and the Lord Chamberlains Men, will be performed on Wednesday, Thursday, Friday and Saturday.Fashion K. Emerson Spain continues to be a major influence upon English fashions. The work of Mistress Dinghen Vanderplasse with her knowledge of starching methods continues to be important, especially as ruffs remain in fashion, though they tend to be on smaller scale than on antecedent y ears. Silk, hand knitted, stockings were a popular present for many ladies this Christmas past, including her majesty, despite the cold weather. The majority though still prefer stockings of cloth or wool for both durability and warmth.The farthingale, so popular at court, as can be seen in her majestys recent portrait, has been estimated to have reached a width of 48 inches in some cases. Will this impractical garment continue to be fashionable in the new century? Recent Legislation by E. Cubberley The recently enacted, and much needed, poor people Law is already saving changes in our society. It says much for the legislature that they have taken such care to ensure the care of unfortunates. Poor children will be properly apprenticed and trained in a trade as well as in their letters..The richer member of society will fulfill their social obligations by providing supplies for the poorer folk in difficult times. No more should we have to report upon poor waifs being found starved t o close in harsh weather s happened last winter when the harvest was so poor. And think of the eudaemonia to the country of so many young people properly equipped for a trade This, together with the stopping of the monopolies which favored only a few, will benefit all of her majestys subjects.

Particular religion Essay Example for Free

Particular religion EssayI do not subscribe to all particular religion, except I believe in the transcendence of the human spirit, and that there is something greater than ourselves tabu therean absolute entity that encompasses us all. Many could qualify this absolute being as a God, solely the word holds galore(postnominal) sociocultural implications such as worship or a personification of that beings attributes that I choose not to call it as such. I believe in the universality of goodness and that the that way one could achieve happiness and fulfillment is by living an good and honest life. My lifes experiences direct me to believe in the concept of an absolute being, however, religion is not integral to my stamps. My beliefs are determined my my experiences and not by religion. I perplex agnise that most religions are man-made, and thus do not pick up any legitimate claim to the truth. It is all too apparent today that there exist many different religions, sects, ch urches, and denominations, most of which have conflicting beliefs. I have not encountered any one that whole kit for me.Growing up, I was initiated to the religion of my parentsthat is, Christianity. As a youngster, it easy to unquestioningly accept whatever it was that was inculcated in me. However, as I have gotten a better understanding of the world and myself, I have realized that that religion is lackingfor me it does not provide the adequate explanation as to living my life in the fullest sense. Over the years, religion has become irrelevant. For me, religion is a matter of faithsomething I have but not to the extent that I accept that everything one religion tells me is true.Being a generally confirmable person, that is to say, that I believe that something must be proven for it to be true, the idea of a religion, as we traditionally know it does not hold any weight for me. Having qualified what religion means to me, I tummy say that my definition does not reduce it to wha t I, as Frederick Streng says, happened to be acquainted with by accident of render and socialization. I recognize the existence of a myriad of ultimate realities and pluralities when it comes to religion and that having an unclouded mind is the key to understandings what to each one belief really mean to the people who have them.I would not say that I have an anti-religion view, but having said that I do not subscribe to one may give that impression. My belief does not mean that I eschew every other religion as being false. I believe that religion have redeeming qualities, and that anything that influences a human being to be good and be the best that one can be could not be that bad. I would like to believe that my open attitude towards the concept of religion eliminates any perceptual bias, or reduces in the least. In the same token, my definition encompasses all, since I do not believe in the absoluteness and infallibility of any one.I regard sunrise(prenominal) and emergin g religions on the same ground as the old ones. All provide the means to potentially transform an individual. While my definition attempts to encompass all religions, it may not have enough clearcutness to address each and every one of them. Just as beliefs evolve as one matures, so does ones definition of concepts and ideas. Its possible that I still have not experienced enough to qualify a universal definition that applies to every one. However, I believe that the search for the true understanding of religion is an ongoing process, that a closer study of it would make a clearer picture of the religious life emerge.

Modern Technology Essay Example for Free

contemporary Technology EssayInformation technology is playing an increasingly important role in the wrench and fiberl lives of citizens. Computers, communications, digital information, softw be the constituents of the information age be everywhere. There is though, a considerable emergence of people that are re wholey concerned about the changes that modern-day technology implies, stating that it embodies potential risks to social values, freedoms, and relationships and this is what Sherri Turkle in like manner states in her Forbes magazine article Can You Hear Me Now? .I must hold in with Turkles degree of view that technology, along with all the positive aspects it brought into peoples lives, it also brought loneliness and sameness of lifestyle because of this abusive way people got to use technology nowadays. But as opposed to Turkles and millions of other peoples fearful thinking that mankind is developing too intimate relationships with machinery I would say t hat this do-nothing be absolutely controllable.While it is true that the future of technology is only express mail by our imagination, people befuddle to learn that no matter how developed technology might get, the bedrock of a better life are self-esteem, respect for the others and willingness to self-educate and build up a strong character. agree to Dictionnary. com, technology is the branch of knowledge that deals with the creation and use of technical means and their interrelation with life, society, and the environment, drawing upon such(prenominal) subjects as industrial arts, technology, applied science, and pure science.Commonly, technology can be defined as the science applied to practical purposes. It can be argued that modern technology makes life easier and more dignify for most of people. The first and the major advantage is that medical science is very progressive and vastly available. Without the involve technology a lot of people would struggle with their hea lth. In addition it saves many innocent lives. The point is to spread it and reach with medicine help to the poor nations of the Third World.Secondly, the advanced technology improves industry by making it more effective and, what is vital today, safer for environment. Moreover when we look at TV, personal computer, mobile knell or internet for instance, it is quite obvious that all these inventions have been made in the last 20 years. Thus the speed of improvement is huge and unpredictable. We can get the fastest ways of communication done modern technology which ties humanity together like a nervous system ties the parts of an organism together.Today we are connected with every other human being on the planet in a way people never have been before this booster cable to globalization through diversity, a very powerful current which is really to consider nowadays. On the minus side there is weaponry which is the inseparable issue of the new technologies. Hence the main problem is the proper use of this knowledge. Neverthe slight, weapon engineering propels and provides a huge advance. Also, the industry despite highly developed machinery pollutes the globe.On the other hand speckle many people live in horrible conditions and famine governments spend a lot of cash on developing weapon industry. Is it the right way? Modern technology should prevent social disproportions and not add up even more. Technology entered our lives over a relatively brief period of season with teensy warning and essentially no preparation. Many who currently use information technology have only a limited understanding of the tools they use and a probably correct belief that they are underutilizing them.This is why most of the people pay more attention first to their interlocutors coming through the modern gadgetry considered a more elevated audience the real ones have come to fill just a second position. This is where Turkles fair point comes when she describes these peoples feel ings Being put on get out this is the impression we get when the one we are engaged with in a conversation answers his cell auditory sensation or replies to an e-mail or a text message.Another example of the modern technology pickings over the unprepared people is the practical(prenominal) lives they build and end up becoming addicted on that up to a certain point where it can even let dangerous for themselves and the ones close to them. Millions become someone else every day, lying about their age, gender, occupation or appearance. If you can be anything, you might as well be who you wish you were rather than what limits you in the real life. So if someone decides they like their online persona better, and decides to spend as much time in that persona as possible, living virtually are they crazy?These games are addictive by design, and a lot of people get sucked into a virtual world existence, at the expense of their real life happiness. And surely a large part of the leader is this ability to live an alternate, and in many ways, happier existence. But this can get really dangerous when it comes to children and adolescents as they may discover world in the Second Life as Turkle puts it in might be much easier and funnier and they can develop serious issues n forming their character and personalities.And the negative effects technology can have on children are numerous less physical movement, lack of attraction towards reading, no perceive of responsibility. With parents buying their children cell phones and expecting them to call as often as possible showing them actually how little they trust them, this only adds up to childrens developing a lack of responsibility and a awareness of dependence, as Turkle puts in and I agree.The time of self-reflection at adolescence is taken over by quickly communication a state over the cell phone or through an instant message and emoticons (Turkle) leading to a new dependence in their early emotional lives. Anoth er point that Turkle makes is that technology leaves less or no time at all to sit and reflect of ourselves uninterrupted and I agree with that. Unless we are really strong as to put away or turn off all the technology around us we cannot get a moment with ourselves as all this machinery can be very distracting.Nowadays, when the rapidness of development and research is so impressive, it is easy to think about the advantages of modern technology. It is obvious that we are close on an era where technology is limited only by our imagination. Therefore the most often asked question is Does technology go the right way and will it save or ruin our nicety? I believe that we can just let ourselves carried along with it or we could impose on ourselves in being more aware of the disadvantages also and try to control it.

Frog and the Nightingale Essay Example for Free

Frog and the Nightingale EssayThe phonograph recording is widely regarded as a classic in India since its first publication in 1946, and provides a broad view of Indian taradiddle, philosophical system and finish, as viewed from the eyes of a liberal Indian fighting for the independence of his country. In The Discovery of India, Nehru argued that India was a historic demesne with a right to sovereignty. (Calhoun, Craig, Nations Matter Culture, History and the Cosmopolitan Dream, Routledge.In this book, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru tries to study the history of India starting from the Indus V all(prenominal)ey Civilization, and then covers the countrys history from the arrival of the Aryans to government under the British Empire. He says that India in the historic was country which lie ind in harmony and peace, nevertheless the entry of society evils had a very harmful effect on people. The effect of these different people on Indian culture and their incorporation into India n society is examined.This book as well as analyses in depth the philosophy of Indian life. This book was dedicated to the Prisoners of Ahmednagar jail. The book became the basis of the 53-episode Indian television series Bharat Ki Khoj, first broadcast in 1988. PREFACE OF THE arrest BY JAWAHARLAL NEHRU- This book was write by Jawaharlal Nehru in Ahmadnagar Fort prison during the five months, April to September 1944. nearly of his colleagues in prison were good enough to read the manuscript and make a number of of import suggestions.On revising the book in prison he took advantage of these suggestions and made some additions. No one, he need hardly add, is responsible for what he has written or necessarily agrees with it. further he expresses my deep gratitude to his fellow-prisoners in Ahmadnagar Fort for the innumerable talks and discussions they had, which helped him greatly to clear his throw mind more than or less various aspects of Indian history and culture. Prison is not a pleasant run to live in up to now for a short period, much less for presbyopic years.But it was a privilege for me to live in close contact with men of outstanding ability and culture and a wide mane outlook which even the passions of the moment did not obscure. His eleven companions in Ahmadnagar Fort were an interesting cross-section of India and delineated in their several ways not only politics but Indian scholarship, obsolescent and new, and various aspects of present-day India. Nearly all the principal living Indian languages, as well as the classical music languages which puzzle powerfully influenced India in the past times and present, were represented and the standard was often that of senior high scholarship.Among the classical languages were Sanskrit and Pali, Arabic and Persian the modern languages were Hindi, Urdu, Bengali, Gujarati, Marathi, Telugu, Sindhi and Oriya. Jawaharlal Nehru had all this wealth to draw upon and the only limitation was his ow n capacity to realise by it. Though he was grateful to all his companions, he specially mentioned a few name callingMaulana Abul Kalam Azad, whose vast erudition invariably delighted me but sometimes also rather overwhelmed me, Govind Ballabh Pant, Narendra Deva and M. Asaf Ali.The book stiff as written in prison with no additions or changes, except for the postscript at the end. He doesnt k nowadays how other authors feel about their writings, but always he had a strange friend when he read some subject that he had written some time previously. That thaumaturge is heightened when the writing had been done in the close and abnormal atmosphere of prison and the subsequent reading has taken place outside. He could tell it of course of instruction, but not wholly it seems al intimately that he was reading some familiar piece written by another, who was near to him and yet who was different.Perhaps that is the measure of the change that had taken place in Jawaharlal Nehru So he ha s felt about this book also. It is his and not wholly his, as he is constituted straight off it represents rather some past self of his which has already joined that long succession of other selves that existed for a while and faded away, leaving only a memory behind . Life in the immure During his stay in the jail as a prisoner, he talked about the ruins that were in that location but were cover up by soil or check collapsed.He talks about a courageous, beautiful lady, named Chandbibi, who fought against akbar to protect the fort(where he was staying as prisoner). But at the end she was killed by her own army man. He asks himself that what is his ancestral gift? he discovers that, India is his ancestral gift. It is in his blood. he is the ancesteor of victories and defeats of the past kings, brave works of human from the earliest past to now. He is the heir of all these. A few of his chapters which tell about Jawaharlal Nehrus life in prison and the various changes in IndiaTime in Prison The Urge to bodily function Time seems to change its nature in prison. The present hardly exists, for there is an absence of feeling and sensation which might separate it from the dead past. Even news of the active, living and dying creative activity outside has a certain dream-like un-reality, an unalterability and an unchangeableness as of the past. The outer objective time ceases to be, the intragroup and subjective intelligence re main(prenominal)s, but at a lower level, except when thought pulls it out of the present and experiences a shape of reality in the past or in the future.We live, as Auguste Comte said, dead mens lives, encased in our pasts, but this is especially so in prison where we try to find some sustenance for our starved and locked-up emotions in memory of the past or fancies of the future. There is a take overness and everlastingness about the past it changes not and has a touch of eternity, like a painted picture or a statue in bronze or mar ble. Unaffected by the storms and upheavals of the present, it maintains its dignity and repose and tempts the troubled spirit and the tortured mind to seek encourage in its vaulted catacombs.There is peace there and security, and one may even sense a spiritual quality. But it is not life, unless we can find the vital links between it and the present with all its conflicts and problems. It is a kind of art for arts sake, without the passion and the urge to action which are the very mash of life. Without that passion and urge, there is a gradual oozing out of hope and vitality, a settling checkmate on lower levels of existence, a slow merging into non-existence. We become prisoners of the past and some part of its immobility sticks to us.This passage of the mind is all the easier in prison where action is denied and we become slaves to the routine of jail-life. Yet the past is ever with us and all that we are and that we have comes from the past. We are its products and we live i m-mersed in it. Not to visit it and feel it as something living within us is not to understand the present. To combine it with the present and pass away it to the future, to break from it where it cannot be so united, to make of all this the pulsating and vibrat-ing material for thought and actionthat is life. Any vital action springs from the depths of the being.All the long past of the individual and even of the race has prepared the background for that psychological moment of action. All the racial memories, influences of heredity and environment and training, subconscious urges, thoughts and dreams and actions from infancy and childhood onwards, in their unpaired and tremendous mix-up, inevitably drive to that new action, which again becomes yet another factor influencing the future. Influencing the future, partly find it, possibly even largely determining it, and yet, surely, it is not all determinism.Whether there is any such thing as human freedom in the philosophic sense or whether there is only an smart deter-minism, I do not know. A very great deal appears certainly to be find out by the past complex of events which bear down and often overwhelm the individual. Possibly even the inner urge that he experiences, that apparent exercise of free will, is itself conditioned. As Schopenhauer says, a man can do what he will, but not will as he will. A belief in an living deter-minism seems to me to lead inevitably to complete inaction, to death in life.All my sense of life rebels against it, though of course that very rebellion may itself have been conditioned by previous events Lifes Philosophy- The ideals and objectives of yesterday were still the ideals of to-day, but they had lost some of their lustre and, even as one seemed to go towards them, they lost the vivid beauty which had warmed the heart and vitalized the body. Evil triumphed often enough, but what was far worse was the coarsening and distortion of what had seemed so right.Was human na ture so essentially bad that it would take ages of training, through suffering and misfortune, before it could pay reasonably and raise man above that creature of lust and violence and deceit that he now was? And, meanwhile, was every drift to change it radically in the present or the near future unredeemed to failure? Ends and means were they tied up inseparably, acting and reacting on each other, the wrong means distorting and some-times even destroying the end in view? But the right means might well be beyond the capacity of infirm and selfish human nature.What then was one to do? Not to act was a complete con-fession of failure and a submission to evil to act meant often enough a compromise with some form of that evil, with all the untoward consequences that such compromises result in. Science does not tell us much, or for the matter of that any-thing about the purpose of life. It is now widening its boun-daries and it may invade the so-called unseeyn world before long and h elp us to understand this purpose of life in its widest sense, or at least give us some glimpses which illumine the pro-blem of human existence.The honest-to-god controversy between science and religion takes a new formthe application of the scientific method to emotional and ghostly experiences. Some vague or more precise philosophy of life we all have, though most of us apply unthinkingly the general attitude which is characteristic of our generation and environment. Most of us accept also certain metaphysical inclinations as part of the trustfulness in which we have grown up. How horrific is this spirit of man In spite of innumerable failings, man, throughout the ages, has sacrificed his life and all he held love life for an ideal, for truth, for faith, for country and honour.That ideal may change, but that capacity for self-sacrifice continues, and, because of that, much may be forgiven to man, and it is unrealizable to lose hope for him. In the midst of disaster, he has not lost his dignity or his faith in the sets he cherished. Plaything of natures mighty forces, less than a speck of dust in this vast universe, he has hurled defiance at the elemental powers, and with his mind, cradle of revolution, sought to master them. Whatever gods there be, there is something godlike in man, as there is also something of the devil in him.The future is dark, uncertain. But we can see part of the way leading to it and can tread it with firm steps, remembering that slide fastener that can happen is likely to overcome the spirit of man which has survived so many perils remembering also that life, for all its ills, has joy and beauty, and that we can always wander if we know how to, in the enchanted woods of nature. Indias authorisation and Weaknesses- The search for the sources of Indias strength and for her deterioration and decay is long and intricate.Yet the recent causes of that decay are distinct enough. She fell behind in the march of technique, and Eur ope, which had long been backward in many matters, took the lead in technical progress. Behind this technical progress was the spirit of science and a bubling life and spirit which displayed itself in many activities and in ad-venturous voyages of husking. New techniques gave military strength to the countries of western Europe, and it was easy for them to spread out and require the East. That is the story not only of India, but of almost the whole of Asia.Why this should have happened so is more difficult to unravel, for India was not lacking in mental alertness and technical skill in foregoing times. One senses a progressive deterioration during centuries. The urge to life and endeavour becomes less, the crea-tive spirit fades away and gives place to the imitative. Where triumphant and rebellious thought had tried to pierce the my-steries of nature and the universe, the wordy commentator comes with his glosses and long explanations. kingly art and sculpture give way to meticul ous carving of intricate detail without nobility of conception or design.The vigour and rich-ness of language, powerful yet simple, are followed by highly ornate and complex literary forms. The urge to adventure and the overflowing life which led to vast schemes of distant coloni-zation and the transplantation of Indian culture in far lands all these fade away and a narrow orthodoxy taboos even the crossing of the high seas. A rational spirit of inquiry, so evident in earlier times, which might well have led to the further growth of science, is replaced by irrationalism and a blind idolatory of the past.Indian life becomes a slothful stream, living in the past, moving slowly through the accumulations of dead centuries. The heavy burden of the past crushes it and a kind of coma seizes it. It is not surprising that in this condition of mental stupor and physical tiredness India should have deteriorated and remained rigid and immobile, while other parts of the world marched ahead. Ev ery people and every nation has some such belief or invention of national destiny and perhaps it is partly align in each case.Being an Indian I am myself influenced by this reality or myth about India, and I feel that anything that had the power to mould hundreds of generations, without a break, must have drawn its enduring vitality from some deep well of strength, and have had the capacity to renew that vitality from age to age. No people, no races remain unchanged. Continually they are mixing with others and slowly changing they may appear to fret almost and then rise again as a new people or mediocre a variation of the old. There may be a definite break between the old people and the new, or vital links of thought and ideals may join them.History has numerous instances of old and well-established civilizations fading away or being ended suddenly, and vigor-ous new cultures taking their place. Is it some vital energy, sonic inner source of strength that gives life to a civil ization or a people, without which all effort is ineffective, like the vain attempt of an aged person to plav the part of a youth? Behind the past quarter of a centurys struggle for Indias independence and all our conflicts with British authority, lay in my mind, and that of many others, the need to revitalize India.We felt that through action and self-imposed suffering and sacri-fice, through voluntarily facing luck and danger, through refusal to submit to what we considered evil and wrong, would we re-charge the battery of Indias spirit and waken her from her long slumber. Though we came into conflict continually with the British Government in India, our eyes were always turned towards our own people. Political advantage had value only in so far as it helped in that fundamental purpose of ours.Because of this govern-ing motive, frequently we acted as no politician, moving in the narrow sphere of politics only, would have done, and foreign and Indian critics express surprise at t he folly and intransigence of our ways. Whether we were foolish or not, the historians of the future will judge. We aimed high and looked far. in all probability we were often foolish, from the point of view of opportunist politics, but at no time did we forget that our main purpose was to raise the whole level of the Indian people, psychologically and spiritually and also, of course, politically and economicalally.It was the building up of that real inner strength of the people that we were after, knowing that the rest would inevitably follow. We had to wipe out some generations of shameful subservience and timid submission to an arrogant alien authority. Epilogue of the book- Jawaharlal Nehru has covered a thousand hand-written pages with a jumble of ideas in his mind. He travelled in the past and peeped into the future and sometimes tried to balance himself on that point of intersection of the timeless with time. His life has been full of happenings in the world and the war has advanced rapidly towards a triumphant conclusion,so far as military victories go. In his own country also much has happened of which he could be only a distant spectator, and waves of unhappiness have sometimes temporarily swept over me and passed on. Because of this business of thinking and trying to give some air to his thoughts, he has drawn myself away from the piercing edge of the present and moved along the wider expanses of the past and the future. The discovery of Indiawhat had he discovered?It was presumptuous of him to imagine that he could unveil India and find out what India is to-day and what it was in the long past. To-day India is four hundred million separate individual men and women, each differing from the other, each living in a private universe of though and feeling. If this is so in the present, how much more difficult is it to grasp that multitudinous past of innumerable successions of human beings. Yet something has bound them together and binds them still. India is a geographical and economic entity, a cultural unity amidst diversity, a bundle of contradictions held together by strong but lightless threads.

Discuss the importance of dreams Essay Example for Free

Discuss the importance of dreamings EssayHe compares them with other people who had dreams of owning a farm. I see hundred of men come by on the road an on the ranches an all(a)(prenominal) damn one of em got a little fleck of land in his head. An never theology damn one of em ever contracts it. He believes Lennie is crazy. Notice that unlike the other workers, Crooks job is horse barn and secure. When Candy comes in and starts talking about the dream and how they have most of the money for the dream, he changes his head and wants to be a part of it want a hand to work for nothing-just his keep, why Id come an bring in a hand. I aint so crippled I cant work like a son-of-a-bitch if I want to. And because of this, his confidence has built up and feels he can do anything. Curleys wife comes in into the photograph and reduces Crooks confidence by saying she is going to put him into trouble. She feels she is better than him because of his colour. Well, you keep your plac e then, Nigger. I could stupefy you strung up on the tree so easy it aint even funny And this makes Crooks lose all hope of becoming a part of the dream because he thinks that is the way George and Lennie will possibly incubate him when he works on the farm. well jus forget it, I didnt mean it. Jus foolin. I wouldnt want to go no place like that. Notice what Crooks says about people having dreams but not being commensurate to fulfil them, he knows that people have other priorities and problems and the dream only remains a dream. This reflects on what Lennie does and how the dream is destroyed. Curleys wife also had a dream but her dream was unlike the other characters that had dreams. Her dream was to become a famous actress and be in the cinemas, and she believes everything other people tell her about her giftCoulda been in the movies, an had nice clothes an had pitchers taken of me She confessed to Lennie that she did not like her husband Curley and that she just married him to get away from her boring behavior because she thought getting married would provide new experiences for her So I married Curley. Met him out to the Riverside Dance Palace that same night. She has this dream because the people in the movies had a life of glamour and she wanted to live like that. She also has this dream because she is not treated fair on the ranch and has no-one to talk to (apart from Curley)Aint I got a right to talk to nobody? Whatta they think I am, anyways? So because of this, she is always seeking attention in the wrong places which eventually lead to her death. Her dream was shatter when she let Lennie stroke her hair. In death, she look very peaceful unlike when she was alive and had problems. The characters of the book Of Mice and workforce have dreams at some time of their life. They have these dreams so as to escape the hardship of life in the 1930s. They also had dreams for the urge for something good that could make them feel very good about thems elves. rough of the dreams maybe were not meant to come true (Curleys wifes dream) but we come to see how close George and Lennie come to achieving theirs. If Curleys wife didnt seek for attention and Lennie did not have the fascination for soft things, they would have had the chance to have some other way of life. Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE John Steinbeck section.

Of mice and men Essay Example for Free

Of mice and manpower EssayDespite the warmth of the early aurora cheerfulness gradu each(prenominal)y seeping through the cracks in the bunkhouse w anys, it was cold within. George lay awake, he hadnt slept each night, shortly the door swung open and Carlson steamed in, he glanced at George and shook his head. You plannin on jus lying there all day Carlson grabbed his jacket sum people get away with murder round ere the door banged and shut up followed. George lay still, he hadnt noticed Carlsons intrusion. The door squeaked open and Candy peered in, Slim you in he descry George and frowned he stood for a moment pondering what to say, Eh George you ok? There was no reply he looked put through at his feet sighed and left. George glanced towards the closing door then rolled to face the wall and lay silent. George felt the sunniness warming his grit and he tilted his head round towards the source. Slim appeared, his figure blocked the brightest virtually piercing rays b ut let the warmth and electric discharge trickle through. He glided in and vex softly beside George placing his hand on his shoulder the sheriff an his men have gone. Ya gave Lenny the best quality of life possible and it took a hell o a lot guts to do what you did, you know that dont ya?George nodded, his eyes heavy with water, thank slim George whispered. Tightening his grip on Georges shoulder ya saved him, Slim said Comfortingly. Slim sat with George until the sound of grunting engines acted as alarm clocks. Now we gotta get you up for work or the foreman ll authorise ya hell. George allowed himself to be helped up he was still wearing yesterdays clothes lets get you all freshed up. No refused George itll do. The sun had begun its descent behind the Gabilan mountains. The syca more(prenominal)s swayed in the chilled wind and over the fields a dark shadow had engulfed the workers.You go to your wifes funeral Curley? asked Carlson. Nah, replied Curley Casually I had a hel l of a lot o work. George struggled to hoist the last smasher of grain onto the trailer, God dammit snapped Curley hurry the hell up. Slim eyed Curley angrily as he helped George with the level of his heavy load. Back on the farm the workers were met with the smell of sizzling bacon. A lump of potatoes and a shaving of burnt bacon were slapped onto Georges plate. He nibbled the piece of bacon but it was bitter in his mouth and he returned it to his plate. Cmon George you gotta eat something, back up Slim.Im not hungry slim replied George his voice barely audible. if youre not gonna eat none then affliction ave it, no pigs gonna die in vain long as Im ere Carlson declared scraping it all onto his plate. Dammit Carlson, a bit o respect the guys jus lost his buddy, said whit angrily.Ye, giv im back his grub. Ordered Smitty. But he aint even gonna eat it, are ya George? Carlson replied. Just then door opened. In stepped the boss wearing his unwashed smart attire, his face wor e a troubled expression and he s usher outned the room his eyes resting briefly on George and finally fixing on Slim, Slim,when youre done, a word. His voice held in a concerned tone.The office was minor(ip) square room, the sunlight glinted off the silver framed paintings which hung on the wall landing some light on the bookcase at the back of the room, the desk in front of it was perpendicular to the opposing wall centred by the genus Sepia coloured door and the paper work on the desk was organised into alphabetical files.Knock, knock, Cmon in Slim. Curleys bin tellin me senddrop Georges slackin in the field today, is that right? No sir his efforts jus fine, Listen slim, redeem it alike(p) that, I cant yield to be payin people for nothing and Ive had a little talk with my good friend the sheriff I ast him to keep bad publicity bout the farm as small as he could an he tol me his usher has matched our story and has stopped his sniffin around. Thats jus fine sir, is that al l? No, jus one more thing, youve bin offered a job by Murray and Ready as head ranch hand, sure as hell the salary is higher than here. You can ave tonight to think bout it I dont want ya to leave but I aint gonna force ya to stay, thats all Slim left the room and the boss buried his face in his hands.It was Saturday night and as the cheers of the men going into town grew fainter Candy lay on his bed listening to the howling wind. A tear trickled down his old wrinkled cheek. Wiping the tear with his stump he turned his gaze to the blow which was nigh concealed with shadow beneath Carlsons Bunk. Rigidly he sat up he picked up the box onto the bed sudden with tears. Candy lifted the gun and placed it to his head. Just then George walked in. The Gun slipped tingle Candy shot himself in the stomach startled George looked down at the pathetic Candy. What ya doin yaw grisly bastard, cried George Covering the wound with his shirt. Candy layback on his bed.You dont understand George th eyre kickin me out, they got a new cleaner comin on Monday and theyre kickin me out. The boss says he cant afford to pay me for doin nothin. I argued, I said I aint doin nothing be he wudnt listen. Its Ok said George Im gonna get you a doc. That aint no use, hardship be a toast for hes ere. George buried his face in his hands. George? Ye, I wish Lenny was still here an we coulda had that farm. Me too Will ya sit with me George? Course. My dog, look its my dog. The old swampers eyes shut and his head dropped. He was dead. George sat for a minute, his face as hard as wood.From outside the barn came the shouts of the men and the clink of beer bottles. The door opened and slim walked in spotting Candy he runs towards him What the hell happened to him? The boss tol him he aint no use no more and he shot imself George despaired I was jus too late. Its ok George it was for the best He didnt have to die like this, he couldve bin on the farm with me and Lenny. It aint your fault George, none of it is, you hear? George did not answer. Now bilious jus go tell the others an then well go an giv him a good burial. Minutes later Carlson strides in Jesus Christ George, you look like hell. It was Sunday morning and as the sun began its accent in the sky Slim made his way across a peaceful courtyard and into the bunkhouse, George I have a word Whats goin on? George, Im leavin, goin to soledad to work for Murray and Ready. what the hell am I sposed to do here with all them crazy bastards when your gone? I dont like it here no more, jus last night Curley came home sot and hung crooks like a fish on a line, Im afraid if I dont leave now Ill do somethin Ill regret. I understand sighed George. Maybe some day Ill come back an visit, goodbye George. Some day, whispered George, some day.